Heraldic Science Héraldique
  • ARTICLES
    • Bannière de France et pavillon blanc en Nouvelle-France
    • De précieux bijoux de famille : une légende au sujet du castor
    • Des emblèmes canadiens sur soie
    • L’Amérindien stéréotypé en héraldique canadienne : son évolution en regard de l’image imprimée
    • La médaille Kebeca Liberata a-t-elle inspiré le premier sceau de la ville de Québec?
    • La société de la Nouvelle-France était-elle féodale ?
    • Le Québec sur le Red Ensign : une fantaisie commerciale
    • Le tourisme héraldique : France
    • Le visage sur les cartes de Champlain : portrait ou symbole? (English summary) >
      • Annexe I Cartes ornées de portraits d’explorateurs, navigateurs ou cartographes
      • Annexe II Dessins de Louis Nicolas illustrés de soleils et lunes à visage
    • L’imagerie et le symbolisme de saint Nicolas et du père Noël
    • L’origine symbolique et chevaleresque du nom Dracula
    • Les anciennes armoiries de Montréal
    • Les armes sur les cartes géographiques du Canada >
      • Les armes de souveraineté sur les cartes de la Nouvelle-France et du Canada
      • Cartes canadiennes aux armes de sociétés commerciales
      • Les armes personnelles sur des cartes du Canada
    • Les armoiries de Claude de Ramezay
    • Les armoiries de François-Joseph d’Estienne de Chaussegros de Léry, baron de l’Empire
    • Les armoiries personnelles en Nouvelle-France >
      • Annexe I - La noblesse contestée de Denis-Joseph Ruette d’Auteuil
    • Les armoiries personnelles au Québec
    • Les origines du castor et de la feuille d’érable comme emblèmes canadiens
    • Les pavillons de la marine marchande en Nouvelle-France
    • Les symboles d’une congrégation de sœurs en guerre
    • Les symboles monarchiques dans les emblèmes du Québec
    • Où est passée la bibliothèque de l'Institut Drouin?
    • Un puissant symbole de vengeance qui brave le temps
    • Une accusation de plagiat héraldique au XVIIe siècle
    • A Mystery Emblem for Manitoba
    • A Precursor to the Flag of Nova Scotia
    • Adding and Subtracting Lions
    • Augmentations of Patriotism to Canadian Emblems
    • Canadian Badges on Liberation Plates of the Netherlands
    • Canadian Civic Arms on Ceramics
    • Canadian Postcards with Emblems and Rhymes
    • Did Alexander Scott Carter Give Canada Its National Colours?
    • Entalenté à parler d’armes
    • Globe Crests of Early Navigators
    • Heraldic Anachronisms in Movies and Television Series
    • Heraldic Postcard Colouring Books
    • Heraldic Whimsies
    • Land of the Maple
    • Mystery flags on a Rennaisance map
    • Nineteenth Century Postcards with Canadian Symbols
    • Royalty Mingling with Beavers and Maple Leaves
    • Royal Warrants of Appointment
    • The Achievement of Arms of Bordeaux: an Emblem Born in Strife
    • “The Maple Leaf Forever”: a Song and a Slogan / The Maple Leaf Forever : une chanson et un slogan
    • The Mermaid in Canadian Heraldry and Lore
    • The Much Maligned Arms of the Canada Company >
      • Appendix I The “Au Camélia” Trade Card
      • Appendix II Stylisation Versus Distortion
    • The Rise of the Single Maple Leaf as the Emblem of Canada
    • The Unicorn in Canada
    • Why Was the Beaver Left Out of Canada’s Coat of Arms >
      • Appendix I The Beaver Cutting Down a Maple
      • Appendix II The Flag of the Beaver Line
    • Why Three National Symbols of Sovereignty for Canada?
  • OUVRAGES / WORKS
    • ​La recherche de symboles identitaires canadiens >
      • Avant-propos
      • I Le tricolore de la France >
        • Appendice - Illustrations du tricolore dans des journaux canadiens
      • II L’Union Jack et le Red Ensign >
        • Appendice - Génèse de l'Union Jack
      • III Le choix d’un drapeau national >
        • Appendice 1 - Lettre de Stanley à Matheson
        • Appendice II Symboles métropolitains dans emblèmes provinciaux
      • IV Un ajout aux armoiries du Canada
    • Mythes et légendes au sujet d’emblèmes canadiens >
      • Introduction
      • Les symboles titillent l’imagination
      • La feuille d’érable en Nouvelle-France
      • Le castor
      • Comment la feuille d’érable devient emblème
      • La Société Saint-Jean-Baptiste et la feuille d'érable
      • La licorne et sa chaîne
    • CANADA’S COAT OF ARMS Defining a country within an empire >
      • Preface
      • Chapter 1 European Heritage
      • Chapter 2 The Beaver and Maple Leaf
      • Chapter 3 The Dominion Shield
      • Chapter 4 One Resolute Man
      • Chapter 5 King Rules or Heralds Rule
      • Chapter 6 Bureaucrats and Artists
      • Conclusion
    • A GUIDE TO HERALDRY From a Canadian Perspective >
      • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
      • PREFACE
      • Chapter I BIRTH AND SURVIVAL OF HERALDRY
      • Chapter II TAKING A CLOSER LOOK
      • Chapter III ARMS VERSUS LOGO
      • Chapter IV THE QUEST FOR ARMS
      • Chapter V DESIGNING ARMS >
        • ANNEX I
      • Chapter VI AN AUXILIARY SCIENCE >
        • ANNEX II
      • CHAPTER VII HERALDRY WITHIN THE SYMBOLS’ FAMILY
      • CONCLUSION
      • APPENDIX I LEARNING TO BLAZON
      • APPENDIX II TRACING PERSONAL ARMS IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES
      • APPENDIX III IDENTIFYING ARMS FROM VARIOUS COUNTRIES
      • BIBLIOGRAPHY
      • GLOSSARY
    • VARIATIONS IN THE ARMS OF SOVEREIGNTY CONNECTED WITH CANADA (a Pictorial Overview) >
      • The “Who was Who?” of Canadian Heraldry / Le « Qui était qui ? » de l’héraldique canadienne >
        • A
        • B
        • C
        • D
        • E
        • F
        • G
        • H
        • I
        • J
        • K
        • L
        • M
        • N
        • O
        • P
        • Q
        • R
        • S
        • T
        • U
        • V
        • W
        • X
        • Y
        • Z
        • APPENDIX/APPENDICE I
        • APPENDIX/APPENDICE II
      • Foreword
      • Royal Arms of Colonial Powers
      • Dominion Shields
      • Arms of Canada
      • Arms and Devices of Provinces and Territories
      • Afterword
    • Glanures héraldiques * Heraldic gleanings >
      • Projet d’un juge d’armes de France pour la Nouvelle-France / Project of a Judge of Arms of France for New France
      • The Arms of a Little-known Navigator / Les armes d’un navigateur peu connu
      • Une bouillabaisse sur écu / A Bouillabaisse on a Shield
      • Managing a Heraldic Conflict / Gestion d’un conflit héraldique
      • Une opinion sur les armes du Québec / An Opinion on the Arms of the Province of Quebec
      • La fleur de lis seule : marque d’autorité et de possession royales en Nouvelle-France / The Single Fleur-de-lis: a Royal Mark of Authority and Possession in New France
      • Un écu fictif pour Samuel de Champlain / A Fictitious Shield for Samuel de Champlain
      • Coïncidences héraldiques / Heraldic Coincidences
      • Vision d’une mort tragique ? / A Tragic Death Foretold?
      • The Mystery “Arms” of the North West Company / Les mystérieuses « armes » de la Compagnie du Nord-Ouest
      • Were the Arms of Newfoundland Granted to the Province Originally? / Les armoiries de Terre-Neuve étaient-elles originellement assignées à la province ?
      • A Tragedy Illustrated on a Coat of Arms / Une tragédie illustrée sur des armoiries
      • Une fleur de lis ardente / A Glowing Fleur-de-lis
      • Chadwick’s Écu Complet for the Dominion of Canada / Chadwick conçoit un « écu complet » pour le Dominion du Canada
      • A “The More the Merrier” Expression of Canadian Patriotism / Le patriotisme canadien selon la formule « plus il y en a, mieux c’est »
      • Gare aux blasphémateurs ! / Blasphemers Beware!
      • An Armorial Bookplate with International Scope / Un ex-libris d’intérêt international
      • La couleur sable est-elle issue d’une fourrure? / Was the Colour Sable Derived from a Fur?
      • Le gouffre, un symbole pré-héraldique universel / The Gurges, a Pre-heraldic Universal Symbol
      • The Customs Value of Heraldic Art / La valeur douanière de l’art héraldique
      • Don’t Tamper With Symbols! / Ne faussez pas les symboles!
      • Pulling Coats of Arms out of a Hat / Des armoiries tirées d’un chapeau
      • La feuille d'érable en chanson / The Maple leaf in song
      • La compagnie maritime Allan Line a-t-elle plagié le tricolore français? / Did the Shipping Company Allan Line Plagiarize the Tricolour of France?
      • Un emblème patriotique inclusif / An Inclusive Patriotic Emblem ​New Page

L

LANKAU, Hans Gottfried Edita (1897- 1971)

A sculptor and restorer of oil paintings and sculptures, he was born in Berlin (Germany) and came to Vancouver, B.C. in 1951. “His commissions include: 11 ft. plaque in bronze over the main entrance of the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, Van. (1954); 10 ft. high enameled bronze coat of arms over the main entrance of the new Court-House, Calgary (1961); coat of arms for the new Bank of Canada, Van. (1965); 4 ft. bronze and aluminum circular crest [badge] for R.C.M.P. Building, Regina; …. 12 ft. high and 11 ft. wide coat of arms of Canada (3,000 lbs. wt.) ceremoniously inaugurated at Confederation Garden Court, Victoria, B.C. (this work required the fashioning of numerous individual parts in such a fashion that all parts fitted together neatly), considered to be one of his finest works. Hans Lankau lives in West Vancouver, B.C.”* The casting of large coats of arms in metal was also a specialty of Art PRICE.

Ref: *MacDonald, Dictionary Canadian Artists (Bibliog.).

LA SALLE voir CAVELIER

LA VÉRENDRYE voir GAULTIER DE 

LEE-GRAYSON, Joseph Henry (1875-1954)

Born in Harrogate, Yorkshire, England, he studied at the South Kensington art school, London, the Académie Julian in Paris, and the École des Beaux-Arts, Brussels. He came to Canada in 1906, joined the Canadian Expeditionary Force and served overseas.* He became a well-known Regina artist. He was known to “discourse entertainingly and enthusiastically on the subject of Heraldry” and to be “an acknowledged authority on this exact science on this continent.”** He was employed by the Saskatchewan civil service as Art Director of the exhibits in the Legislative Buildings in Regina, a post from which he retired in 1943. Like Fortunat CHAMPAGNE and Joseph-Charles-Théophile CHARLEBOIS, he prepared many illuminated addresses for the provincial government, which featured armorial bearings.*

Ref: * MacDonald, Dictionary Canadian Artists (Bibliog.); **Leader-Post (Regina), 24 Nov. 1943. 



LEVASSEUR, Noël (1680-1740)

Maître sculpteur de la ville de Québec: « On attribue d’ailleurs à Noël Levasseur deux cartouches en bois sculpté polychrome, l’un au Musée du Québec, l’autre aux Archives publiques du Canada, représentant les armoiries royales de France. Ces cartouches auraient été commandés par Gaspard-Joseph CHAUSSEGROS DE LÉRY  en 1727 pour orner les portes et les édifices administratifs de la ville de Québec. » 

Réf : http://www.biographi.ca/fr/bio/levasseur_noel_2F.html, consulté le 4 avril 2014.

***

Noël Levasseur was a master wood-carver of Quebec City: “Moreover, to Noël Levasseur are attributed two scrolls in polychrome carved wood representing the royal coat of arms of France; one of these is in the Quebec museum, the other in the Public Archives of Canada.” The armorial wood carvings “are supposed to have been ordered by Gaspard-Joseph CHAUSSEGROS DE LÉRY in 1727 to embellish the gates and administrative buildings of the town of Quebec.”

Ref: http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/levasseur_noel_2E.html, consulted 4 April 2014.


LIDSTONE, James Torrington Spencer

A self-styled Toronto poet, who visited the Staffordshire Potteries in the 1860’s and devoted the 1866 issue of his publication, The Londoniad, to “a Full Description of the Principal Establishments in the Potteries”, nearly 100 of them.* He noted in particular an obscure company named Wedgwood & Co. whose letterhead read “Wedgwood and Company, China and earthenware manufacturers, Talbot Works, Commerce Street, Longton. Arms, crests, landscapes etc., executed in the first style.” His poetic description reads:

Here’s China to be had, or plain or burnished,

Arms, Crests etc., by them furnished;

Landscapes! And a thousand things besides we greet

At the famous Talbot Works in Commerce Street.

The production of this company has remained virtually unknown, possibly because some of the pieces they produced were unmarked. One author laments in this respect: “Alas this firm does not appear to be listed in other contemporary sources and no marked specimens have been reported.” ** Actually, one advertisement plate ordered by the china merchant Cleverdon & Co. of Halifax was made by Wedgwood & Co. ca. 1850-65.



Picture

Advertisement plate bearing the arms of Nova Scotia granted ca. 1625, restored in 1929. Made by Wedgwood & Co. for the china merchant Cleverdon & Co. of Halifax, ca. 1850-65.                                     Vachon Collection, Canadian Museum of Civilization.

Picture

Impression “Wedgwood & Co.” on the Cleverdon plate

Lidstone had a more than passing interest in heraldry. For the “New Canada Confederacy”, he proposed arms consisting of a C in the form of a “lyre evolving rays, each province to have a string.” In 1873, he had a “new Canadian flag” made (The Canadianised Red Ensign) for presentation to the Royal Geographical Society to be “waved over the bier and tomb of the Great African Discoverer” (Livingstone).***

Ref: Elizabeth Collard, Nineteenth-Century Pottery and Porcelain in Canada, 2nd ed. (Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 1984), p. 452; *James Torrington Spencer Lidstone, The New or Twentieth Londoniad….. (London: Lidstone, 1876), p. 130; p. 759; **Geoffrey A. Godden, Encyclopaedia of British Porcelain Manufacturers (London: Barrie & Jenkins, 1988), ***Lidstone, op. cit., p. 21, 105, 123. This is another strong indication that the Canadianised Red Ensign was already widely viewed as a national flag. The flag would have displayed the four or five province shield of the Dominion in the fly. We know that the four-province Red Ensign, topped by the royal crown and within a wreath of maple leaves, was in use in 1871 and 1872: Canadian Illustrated News, May 6, 1871, p. 274, 281 and poster entitled “Vote & Influence for Malcolm Cameron” 1872, LAC, negative C-120987. In early 1873, the adopted arms of Manitoba had become part of the Dominion shield: L’Opinion publique, 2 Jan. 1873, p. 1.

LORNE, Sir John Douglas Sutherland Campbell, Marquis of (1845-1914) 

 He was also ninth Duke of Argyll and Governor General of Canada (1878-83). His contribution to Canadian heraldry is virtually nil, but his interest in the matter is worth noting because of his high profile. Lorne and his wife, Princess Louise, were both artists and the drawings of their trip across Canada in 1881, to better know the new land, are contained in an album held by LAC. When in British Columbia, Lorne decided to propose “Designs for British Columbian shield,” perhaps because he felt that the emblem of the province at the time was inadequate. It consisted of the imagery from its seal: the royal crest between the letters B.C. The animals on Lorne’s shields, whether passant or couchant are described as panthers, but are no doubt meant to be cougars which are native to British Columbia. It does not seem that the marquis gave himself very high notes for his efforts since he crossed everything out and used the opposite side of his sheet to sketch two scenes of Burrard Inlet. The arms were discovered much later when the glued down water colour was removed from the album.



Ref: Auguste Vachon, “Des armoiries pour la Colombie-Britannique”  in HC, March 1984, p. 16-17.

Picture
Designs of arms for the Province of British Columbia by the Marquis of Lorne, 1881. LAC

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